The Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe - 1569 Words

In the short story â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† author Edgar Allan Poe employs several literary devices such as symbolism, allegory, and imagery. These devices enable us to see and better comprehend the story’s events through the eyes of the narrator. The narrator explains that he is extremely nervous but clarifies that he is not insane; he even goes so far as to share an event from his past to prove that he is not crazy. He believes that he loves the old man and has nothing against him except his horrible eye that is â€Å"pale blue.† Eventually, he decides to kill the old man because he hates the blue eye, and he does this to be free of it. Poe wants his readers to see the events in the story through the narrator’s point of view. The physical appearance forms the helm of characterization in â€Å"The Tell-tale Heart.† The eye is a tightly packed and very important component of the old man’s character. The eye casts its gaze over us through the story, and we are divided between our fears and embracing and accepting this gaze. The eye is the only physical description in the story, but it is also what defines and guides the course of the story. The eye of the old man characterizes him as ill and neglected. The result is the portrayal of the narrator and the community as uncaring or perhaps marked by unconcern. This notion is cemented when the narrator decides to kill the old man. Similarly, the narrator’s habit of watching someone while that person is sleeping constitutes an Aquino 2Show MoreRelatedThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe1161 Words   |  5 PagesOut of a vast quantity of these English historians, one stood out to me, his name is Edgar Allan Poe. Poe’s writing had its own unique gothic and horror style. The story, The Tell-Tale Heart is one of his very popular pieces of literature, it not only tells a story, but uses Poe’s unique style of writing to silently incorporate different genres, themes, and symbolism to create a sub-story within the text itself. Poe was born in Boston Massachusetts on January 19, 1809. At the young age of just 2 yearsRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe Essay1477 Words   |  6 Pagesyourself and others that you weren’t in the wrong for doing something bad? Well, the narrator in the story The Tell-Tale Heart does. Edgar Allan Poe is known to write stories that are of Dark Romanticism. Dark romanticism is a literary genre that showcases gothic stories that portray torture, insanity, murder, and revenge. The story â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† is no different. Edgar Allan Poe does a great job with making the readers wonder throughout this short story. This allegory makes reader’s questionsRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe986 Words   |  4 Pagesbade the gentlemen welcome. The shriek, I said, was my own in a dream.† The Tell Tale Heart is one of Edger Allan Poe’s most famous and creepiest stories. The premise of this gothic short story is that a manà ¢â‚¬â„¢s own insanity gives him away as a murderer. By using the narrators own thoughts as the story Poe displays the mental instability and the unique way of creating a gothic fiction. While other stories written by Poe reflect this same gothic structure and questionable sanity, this story has aRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe1502 Words   |  7 PagesThe author Edgar Allan Poe created a beautiful writing piece called â€Å"Tell Tale Heart†, which included literal elements such as mood, tone, and point of view. The story included a tremulous mood for the reader to be able to feel the excitement of the story. According to the text â€Å"Tell Tale Heart†, it states â€Å"And now at the dead hour of the night, amid the dreadful silence of that old house, so strange a noise as this excited me to uncontrollable terror.† This illustrates that the details of the storyRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe1030 Words   |  5 PagesA Guilty- Mad Heart â€Å"Burduck then goes on to ponder how Poe used cultural anxieties and psychological panic to advantage.† (Grim Phantasms, G.A. Cevasco). In The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe, a nameless man narrates the story of how he murdered an elderly man because of his eyes. In his short story The Tell-Tale Heart, Poe shows the themes of guilt and the descent into madness through the narrator, in this gothic horror story. Edgar Allan Poe wrote many gothic tales throughout his lifeRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe1133 Words   |  5 Pages Written in 1843, The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe incorporates nearly all of the gothic elements. While this piece of art may not contain all of the gothic elements, it is the epitome of a gothic short story. In The Tell-Tale Heart, the setting seems to be inside an old house, which strengthens the atmosphere of mystery and suspense. The madness and overall insanity of the narrator illustrates the sense of high, overwrought emotion. The presence of creaking hinges and the darkness representRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe1644 Words   |  7 Pages Edgar Allan Poe was a prominent American writer whose writing reflected his tragic life. He began to sell short stories for profit after being forced to leave United States Military Academy for lack of financial support. Over the next decade, Poe published some of his best-known works, including The Fall of the House of Usher (1839), The Raven (1845), and The Cask of Amontillado (1846). It is in these stories that Po e established his unique dark writing style that often have the recurring themeRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe879 Words   |  4 PagesIn between guilt, paranoia and obsession The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe uses several literary elements to support the themes of the story. The story is based on a gruesome murder of an old man. The author uses madness, obsession and guilt as themes to prove how the narrator is truly twisted and insane. Madness is the first theme of the story; in the beginning the narrator tries to convince the audience he is not mad (insane). â€Å"TRUE!... nervous very, very nervous I had been and am; but whyRead MoreA Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe1156 Words   |  5 Pagescontain some level of madness. For example in the short stories â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† by Edgar Allan Poe, both of the main character in these stories believe that they are perfectly wise, but their out of control behaviors proves that they’re mentally ill or to be more specific insane. In the short story â€Å"A tell-tale heart† the unknown narrator is telling us a story about his neighbor who is an old man but his of a vulture: blue pale eye is whatRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe2007 Words   |  9 PagesThe Tell Tale Heart Research Paper In â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† by Edgar Allan Poe, Poe delights readers to a very thought out and psychological based short story of a very in depth murder from the murderer’s perspective. In â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart: Overview† it is proven that: â€Å"One of the most powerful contributions that Edgar Allan Poe made to the short story genre was his insistence that every element of the work contribute to the story’s overall effect. Poe frequently gave this aesthetic demand realistic

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essays - 948 Words

HUCKLEBERRY FINN The novel that I have most enjoyed ever reading was The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain. Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a novel about a young boy’s coming of age in Missouri during the middle 1800’s. The main character, Huckleberry Finn, spends a lot of time in the novel floating down the Mississippi River on a raft with a runaway slave named Jim. Before he does so, however, Huck spends some time in the town of St. Petersburg where a number of people attempt to influence him. Huckleberry Finn is considered an American character for many reasons. Throughout the novel Huckleberry shows stereotypical traits of what is expected, sometimes anyway, of the ideal American character. Even†¦show more content†¦Huckleberry Finn is just a kid so how civilized should he be. He is an adventurerous boy, with a great passion for life. It is after he leaves his father’s cabin that Huck joins an important influence in his life: Miss Watson’s slave, Jim. Before Huckleberry’s leaving, Jim has been a minor character in the novel. He has been shown being fooled by Tom Sawyer and telling Huckleberry’s fortune. Huck finds Jim on Jackson’s Island because he has run away, after overhearing a conversation saying that he will soon be sold to New Orleans. Soon after joining Jim on Jackson’s Island, Huck begins to realize that Jim has more talents and intelligence than Huck has been aware of. Jim knows â€Å"all kinds of signs† about the future, people’s personalities, and weather forecasting. Huck finds this kind of information necessary as he and Jim drift down the Mississippi on a raft. Huck feels a comfort with Jim that he has not felt with the other characters in the novel. With Jim, Huck can enjoy life. This is another example of Huck being the American character he is said to be. Americans are known for enjoying life and having comfort in the life they live. Usually it is because they have money, but in Huckleberry’s case, it wasn’t an issue of money but instead freedom. Huck had money but gave it to the judge, proving that money isn’t needed to enjoy life. When Huck and Jim are forced to leave Jackson’s IslandShow MoreRelatedThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn800 Words   |  4 Pages The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is an action-packed adventure about Huckleberry Finn, an extraordinary young boy growing up along the Mississippi River. The author, Mark Twain, established rigid conflict and left his readers in disbelief over some of the occurrences in the book. All adventure long, Huck and his comrades must adapt to keep their dreams alive. Huck becomes a better person from experiencing all the hardships that he endured, whether it is being thankful for his friends or becomingRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn4280 Words   |  18 PagesNadeem Sbaiti Mrs. Greenlee HN ENG III 1, June 2015 Independent Novel Project The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Knowledge Significance Of Title The title The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn seems to be very self-explanatory of the significance hence the name. Furthermore after further review and thought I have realized there is a deeper meaning than just that of Huckleberry Finn. When the book first begins it is showing the start of the young boys band of robbers and it leads you to believe theRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn1787 Words   |  8 Pages2015 Independent Novel Project The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Knowledge Section Significance of Title When considering the background behind the novel’s title, not much is immediately apparent; for the title is literally just the main character’s name, and the affirmation that there will be some adventuring going down somewhere within the story. Further analysis is not really possible unless the name of the said protagonist is considered. The name Huckleberry does not refer to any actual hucklesRead MoreThe Adventure Of Huckleberry Finn1464 Words   |  6 PagesShe died of a sudden heart attack following a seizure on Christmas Eve, 1909. Jean was 29 years old. Many of Twain s works were tied into his childhood in Hannibal. like Life in Mississippi, Tom Sawyer, and, his most famous tale, The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn. Life on the Mississippi was one of Twain s most upbeat books. He wrote it at the beginning of his writing career before all of the tragedies struck his life. He filled his writing with the celebration of his time as a young boy, an apprenticeRead MoreThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn600 Words   |  3 Pages The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Mark Twain’s continuation of Tom Sawyer follows the misadventures of Tom’s friend Huckleberry Finn and a runaway slave, Jim. The story opens with Huck who is living with Widow Douglas and her sister Miss Watson. The sisters are trying to civilize and educate the unwilling Huck who is not happy with his new life of church, school, and manners. Right as Huck is coming to terms with this new lifestyle his drunken, abusive father returns and demandsRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn787 Words   |  4 PagesIn this journal, both Nicole Amare and Alan Manning criticize the novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn through Mormonism. To Amare and Manning, Twain’s fascination of Mormonism and the character’s literary meanings. Furthermore, they claim of Twain’s use of his use of politician names in the stories, which are seen as juxtaposed by Twain in the novel, impact the character Boggs and Governor Liburn Boggs of Independence, Missouri. However, these uses of political names can be portrayed as simplyRead MoreThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn700 Words   |  3 PagesJocelyn Cha dwick-Joshua accurately asserts that in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain uses chapters one through sixteen to establish Huck and Jim as characters and to develop their relationship. To begin, Twain portrays youthful Huck as a remarkably developed, multifaceted character. Huck Finn is very independent, and likes to have control of his own life. Taking matters into his own hands, â€Å"I judged I’d hide her good, and then, ‘stead of taking to the woods when I run off, I’d go downRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn3078 Words   |  13 PagesEnglish III 01, June 2015 Independent Novel Project The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Knowledge Significance of Title The title of this novel can be very literal and sarcastic. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn does contain the plot of Huckleberry Finn going on several adventures, which tells the literal and obvious meaning of the title. The title is also used as sarcasm. Although The adventures of Huckleberry Finn does contain adventure throughout the story, it is more about race and slaveryRead MoreThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn612 Words   |  3 Pages In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Huck thinks that being civilized means being a hypocrite because he says all of the adults are civilized and they are hypocrites. Huck thinks that civilized people are all about manners and how you should dress. Huck is used to doing things his own way. Huck has a lot of freedom which represents natural life. He was raised without rules and limits which can sometimes lead him to trouble. Huck is used to living on his own. Huck is a free spirit and doesRead MoreThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn2192 Words   |  9 Pagesmind about Jim at this point? Jim is very much like a father to Huck. He looks out for Huck and he is respected and looked upon by Huck. This is also more significant because Huckleberry Finn never had a father and he never really had a role model. Jim serves this purpose perfectly. Throughout all of his adventures Jim shows compassion as his most prominent trait. He makes the reader aware of his many superstitions and Jim exhibits gullibility in the sense that he Jim always assumes the other

Organization Structure of a Australian Agricultural Company

Question: Discuss about the Organization Structure for Australian Agricultural Company. Answer: Introduction Beef livestock were brought into Australia in 1788 with the initial flock based on English breeds, specifically the Shorthorn. Through its early progress in cattle breeding, Zebu type livestock from India were introduced. It was followed by introduction of American Brahman breed in 1933 which established Australia as a prominent cattle producer. Several European breeds of cattle were introduced in Australia in the early 1970s. Currently, Australia has become one of the prominent exporters of beef in the world. Some of the major exporting companies of Australian beef industry are Japan, USA, China, Philippines, Taiwan, Korea, Russia, Indonesia and Chile (cattlecouncil.com.au 2016). Australian Agricultural Company The company was established in 1824 as a land development corporation through aid of the British Parliaments 1,000,000 acres in the Port Stephens locale of New South Wales Colony. In 1831, English Shorthorn breeds were imported to develop companys flock. In 1850, companys flock grew despite extreme stock losses, depressions and droughts. Its numbers of sheep grew up to 114,118, number of horses to 1,400 and number of cattle to 8,000. During World War I, the company moved away from wool production due to labor shortage and focused on increasing its cattle instead of sheep. They began to sell their southern states and moved north where they bought Headingly Station in Queensland in 1916, and in 1921 they bought Avon Downs in Northern Territory. The company introduced Santa Gertrudis breed in 1950. It further Introduced Brahman cattle in the companys new property in Gulf region in the 1980s. Goonoo feedlot was created and developed around Comet River in Central Queensland in the mid 198 0s to early 1990s. It had set up Set up a 17,500 capacity feedlot in 1994 and bought another breeding location in Northern Territory which facilitated them in specializing into cattle production for maintaining elevated growth rate. In 2006, they bought Westholme herd with an intention to shift into Wagyu breed to foster the growing success of renowned beef business and in 2014 they established Livingstone Beef, high-tech beef processing factory in Darwin. Currently, Australian Agricultural Company produces quality beef products for domestic consumption and exports (https://aaco.com.au 2016). Organizational Structure (Australian Agricultural Company) Chairman Managing Director Ceo Directors Acting General Manager (Sales Marketing) Company Secretary General Counsel General Manager (Pastoral) General Manager (South East Queensland, Wagyu Feedlots) Regional Manager (Barkly) Regional Manager (North Queensland Victoria River Group) Figure: Organization structure Source: (https://aaco.com.au 2016) Importance of Organization Structure In todays world, businesses require structure to survive competition. With a well organized structure, a business has clarity of its objectives and focus and every person employed in the organization are aware about their roles and responsibilities. Organization structure establishes a smooth flow of two way communications between the superiors and the sub-ordinates as the structure specifies the sub-ordinates about their immediate reporting heads. Structure is the basis of referring to a business as an organization. Organizational structure ensures a structured flow of control and delegation of authority, and it allows the organization to work more effectively and efficiently towards its goals (Csaszar 2013). It is a framework that encompasses various precise and understood organizational regulations and strategies planned to summarize the how various job roles and accountabilities are allocated, organized, coordinated and controlled. It also establishes how data flows through various levels within the organization. The organizational structure conveys lot about the nature of the organization and the value sets it has adopted. Hence, when an organization moves into a new business or industry, they always decide on the organization structure they are going to adopt for better results. In some exceptional cases, while the organization may be following a particular structure, the various departments within the organization may be following some other form of structure (Argyres and Zenger 2013). A successful organization continuously defines the roles and responsibilities and how it matches the organizational requirements. Proper structuring provides an organization with a visible illustration of how it is formed and how it could move forward to achieve the organizational goals (Lunenburg 2012). Type of Organization Structure at Australian Agricultural Company Australian Agricultural Company follows a divisional organization structure as their business is spread across various locations. Divisional organization structure is usually adopted by large scale companies that carry out their business spread across various geographic locations. This kind of organization structure consists of numerous teams aligned that are focused on a single product line. This structure offers the business a capability to separate large division of its business into semi-independent teams. These teams are self-administered and concentrated on products of the business (Fairfield 2016). Divisional structure works well because it allows the team to concentrate on a single product with guidance structure that backs its chief premeditated objectives. Furthermore, it supports the organization towards building everyday customs that contributes to elevated employees morale and enhanced knowledge skill set (Alonso Dessein and Matouschek 2015). The primary reason why the company uses divisional organizational structure is: It is the most suited form of organizational structure for large scale business as it allows the company to stay focused towards their single product line. Large scale organizations have various business activities that are separated into various small divisions and are needed to be taken care of, for which functional organizational structure is not suitable as it leads to complicated communication and decision making process (Janiijevi 2013). It gives the organization a roadmap for achieving the predetermined organizational objectives as it helps in developing a smooth system for the flow of communication across various levels of the organization and defines the degree of control and delegation of authority. It gives the business the capability to separate large divisions of business to operate semi-autonomously under its umbrella. When a business is spread across a vast geographic location, functional structure is not a feasible option for the organization because it gives them limited degree of control whereas divisional structure offers them high degree of control due to semi-autonomous nature of the divisions of the business (Galbraith 2014). Divisional organization structure contributes to the expansion and growth of the organization as it facilitates development of all the divisions, the outcome of the divisions are evident and also helps in quick decision making (Tran and Tian 2013). Leadership Style at Australian Agricultural Company Leadership in an activity which involves establishment of clear vision, sharing the vision with team members so that they would follow voluntarily. Leadership involves providing knowledge, information and techniques through which the predetermined vision can be realized. Leadership helps in enhancing the level of balance and coordination among various team members and stakeholders. A leader is one who walks in times of crisis, and is capable of thinking creatively and act proactively in complex state of affairs (Tannenbaum Weschler and Massarik 2013). Democratic leadership also known as participative leadership is defined as the leadership style where in a leader shares his decision making capability with other group members by encouraging them to give their valuable inputs. It is based on the principle that each and every member of a team should have an equal opportunity towards contribution of new and creative ideas. However, it should be noted that the authority of choosing an employee for being a part of the decision completely depends upon the leader (Raelin 2012). We can say that Australian Agricultural Company essentially follows democratic leadership style because: It gives equal opportunity to people coming from different background and culture having different skill set, talent towards building a strong a responsible team. It promotes comprehensive workplace that welcomes diversity as a part of the work culture. It encourages its employees to apply their unique skills, talent, education and understanding to help improve companys overall performance. It has a long history of promotion and development of its employees. It promotes the sense of responsibility among its employees by encouraging them towards adopting safer working methods. It encourages its employees and managements involvement in the discussion process from all fronts of business. The companys core values emphasizes on motivating its employees to work closely with the management in every parts of the organization. The company encourages team work by working collaboratively to achieve its vision and organizational goals. It has created calibration through sharing facts and ideas in an open, transparent and honest manner. It sets clear organizational goals and holds each other answerable for the consequences (https://aaco.com.au 2016). Companys Strategies Australian Agricultural Companys shift from a low worth cattle company to a vertically incorporated and supply chain centric beef producer and marketer in the world is due to the various changes in its strategies that has paid off. The success of the company was largely due to the various strategic transformations that it undertook. Following are the strategies undertaken by the company: Increasing Sales: Australian Agricultural Company has readjusted their corporate strategy by deciding to increase the value of their cattle by cutting down their live sales and emphasize on processing on their own renowned beef. The company has decided to sell more shortfed and Wagyu beef, and maintaining a steady breeding flock. These evaluations brought about a positive influence on the business. In 2014, beef sales accounted for 59 per cent of the total revenue; in 2015, beef sales accounted for 79 per cent of the total revenue; and in 2016, beef sales accounted for 88 per cent of the revenue (com.au 2016). Operations: Australian Agricultural Companys new business strategies have been backed by continuous improvement in its operations. It has invested a substantial amount on strengthening its supply chain network (com.au 2016). Cattle Breeding and Genetics: The innovation team at Australian Agricultural Company works carefully with bull breeding division to run breeding program of global standards. They use innovative tools to make sure essential qualities are assessed with maximum precision possible under widespread production system (https://aaco.com.au 2016); (Grote Herstatt and Gemnden 2012) Marketing: There has been a rise in the demand for high quality Wagyu beef brand in the international market. Some of the Asian countries have been witnessing a remarkable growth in the demand for beef. On the basis of the growing demand for the Wagyu beef brand, company seeks to grow its business on a global scale. The countries in which the company sells its high quality beef includes United States of America, Japan, China, Russia, Chile, Philippines, Taiwan, Korea. Further the company seeks to expand its market to various other European, South American and Gulf countries (https://aaco.com.au 2016). Property Development Planning: The company responsibly chalks out their development plans by taking into consideration the facts such as capacity of the available natural resources. It also follows all the government regulations and complies with all the norms set by the government and cooperates with the investigation of certain technological advancements and unconventional practices (https://aaco.com.au 2016). Diversification: The companys decision to diversify their business strategy to shift from its primary production of cattle and focus on upright integration of their beef business incorporating succeeding processing and straight access to export markets specifically in Asia (com.au 2016). Corporate Social Responsibility: As a part of their corporate social responsibility, the employees participate in community and provincial committees and organizations to improve community relationship and work together with the government undertakings, research groups, and various industry associations that focus on natural reserves management concerns and promote feasible agriculture (https://aaco.com.au 2016). Comments on Companys Structure and Strategies Structure The company owns approximately 70 thousand square kilometers of land in Northern Territory and Queensland which is roughly 1 percent of Australias landmass and manages a livestock herd of almost 50,000 heads across various properties, feedlots and farms. Considering the size of the company and its widespread location across Australia under various divisions engaged in breeding, finishing cattle, cultivating grains and food crops to assist cattle production, it can be said that the divisional organizational structure adopted by the company is going well because the structure has helped the company in establishing a clear framework to define the roles and responsibilities of each and every employee and has allowed them to focus on their predetermined objectives through delegation of authority. The above mentioned structure has facilitated in smooth flow of communication and quick decision making due to which it has grown up to become one of the largest beef producer of the world (Cummings and Worley 2014). Strategies In the current era, where there is a rapid transformation in the technology and remarkable demand for each and every product or service, it is very important for any organization whether large or small scale to adapt to the rapid technological transformations to match the growing demands of the customers. Australian Agricultural Company has also adapted to the constant changes within the industry by developing and applying new set of strategies to gain a competitive advantage over its competitors and increase its market share. It has invested substantial amount of capital into enhancement of genetics of its cattle breed. Livingstone Beef processing facility located nearby Darwin is high tech facility that has a capacity of processing 1000 heads of cattle per day mainly aimed at producing beef for exports. It has integrated all its divisions closely to enhance its supply chain management (https://aaco.com.au 2016). Conclusion Australian Agricultural Company is one of the finest beef producing company of Australia mainly focused at exporting its high quality Wagyu beef brand and other beef brands to some major beef consuming countries namely USA, Japan, China, Chile, Korea, Russia, Philippines, Taiwan and many other countries. The company has adopted divisional organizational structure as it facilitates a better and smooth flow of communication among various levels of the organization and well-defined roles and responsibilities of each employee. It follows a democratic leadership style where it encourages its employees to be a part of the discussion in the decision making process. To sustain the growing competition and to meet customers demand it has made certain strategic changes by adopting new technologies in production system, advanced cattle breeding and genetics techniques, closely integrating all its functions and divisions to enhance its supply chain capabilities. References Alonso, R., Dessein, W. and Matouschek, N., 2015. Organizing to adapt and compete.American Economic Journal: Microeconomics,7(2), pp.158-187. Argyres, N. and Zenger, T.R., 2013. 12. Dynamics of organizational structure.Handbook of Economic Organization: Integrating Economic and Organization Theory, p.210. aspecthuntley.com.au. (2016).asxdata/20160610/pdf/01748186.pdf. [online] Available at: https://www.aspecthuntley.com.au/asxdata/20160610/pdf/01748186.pdf [Accessed 17 Sep. 2016]. businessnewsaus.com.au. (2016).articles/aaco-profit-charges-ahead-with-supply-chain-strategy. [online] Available at: https://www.businessnewsaus.com.au/articles/aaco-profit-charges-ahead-with-supply-chain-strategy.html [Accessed 17 Sep. 2016]. cattlecouncil.com.au. (2016).assets/Beef%20Fast%20Facts%202013_EMAIL.PDF. [online] Available at: https://www.cattlecouncil.com.au/assets/Beef%20Fast%20Facts%202013_EMAIL.PDF [Accessed 17 Sep. 2016]. Csaszar, F.A., 2013. An efficient frontier in organization design: Organizational structure as a determinant of exploration and exploitation.Organization Science,24(4), pp.1083-1101. Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Fairfield, K.D., 2016. Understanding Functional and Divisional Organizational Structure A Classroom Exercise.Management Teaching Review, p.2379298116661843. Galbraith, J.R., 2014.Designing organizations: strategy, structure, and process at the business unit and enterprise levels. John Wiley Sons. Grote, M., Herstatt, C. and Gemnden, H.G., 2012. Cross Divisional Innovation in the Large Corporation: Thoughts and Evidence on Its Value and the Role of the Early Stages of Innovation.Creativity and Innovation Management,21(4), pp.361-375. https://aaco.com.au/. (2016).about-us/our-history/. [online] Available at: https://aaco.com.au/about-us/our-history/ [Accessed 17 Sep. 2016]. https://aaco.com.au/. (2016).people-careers/working-with-aaco. [online] Available at: https://aaco.com.au/people-careers/working-with-aaco/ [Accessed 17 Sep. 2016]. Janiijevi, N., 2013. The mutual impact of organizational culture and structure.Ekonomski Anali/Economic Annals,58(198), pp.35-60. Lunenburg, F.C., 2012. Organizational structure: Mintzbergs framework.International journal of scholarly, academic, intellectual diversity,14(1), pp.1-8. Raelin, J.A., 2012. Dialogue and deliberation as expressions of democratic leadership in participatory organizational change.Journal of Organizational Change Management,25(1), pp.7-23. Tannenbaum, R., Weschler, I. and Massarik, F., 2013.Leadership and organization. Routledge. theaustralian.com.au. (2016).business/business-spectator/aaco-to-diversify-strategy/news-story. [online] Available at: https://aaco.com.au/. (2016) [Accessed 17 Sep. 2016]. Tran, Q. and Tian, Y., 2013. Organizational structure: Influencing factors and impact on a firm.

Waiting For Godot Essays - Theatre Of The Absurd, Waiting For Godot

Waiting For Godot "Nothing to be done," is one of the many phrases that is repeated again and again throughout Samuel Beckett's Waiting For Godot. Godot is an existentialist play that reads like somewhat of a language poem. That is to say, Beckett is not interested in the reader interpreting his words, but simply listening to the words and viewing the actions of his perfectly mismatched characters. Beckett uses the standard Vaudevillian style to present a play that savors of the human condition. He repeats phrases, ideas and actions that has his audience come away with many different ideas about who we are and how beautiful our human existence is even in our desperation. The structure of Waiting For Godot is determined by Beckett's use of repetition. This is demonstrated in the progression of dialogue and action in each of the two acts in Godot. The first thing an audience may notice about Waiting For Godot is that they are immediately set up for a comedy. The first two characters to appear on stage are Vladimir and Estragon, dressed in bowler hats and boots. These characters lend themselves to the same body types as Abbot and Costello. Vladimir is usually cast as tall and thin and Estragon just the opposite. Each character is involved in a comedic action from the plays beginning. Estragon is struggling with a tightly fitting boot that he just cannot seem to take off his foot. Vladimir is moving around bowlegged because of a bladder problem. From this beat on the characters move through a what amounts to a comedy routine. A day in the life of two hapless companions on a country road with a single tree. Beckett accomplishes two things by using this style of comedy. Comedy routines have a beginning and an ending. For Godot the routine begins at the opening of the play and ends at the intermission. Once the routine is over, it cannot continue. The routine must be done again. This creates the second act. The second act, though not an exact replication, is basically the first act repeated. The routine is put on again for the audience. The same chain of events: Estragon sleeps in a ditch, Vladimir meets him at the tree, they are visited by Pozzo and Lucky, and a boy comes to tell them that Godot will not be coming but will surely be there the following day. In this way repetition dictates the structure of the play. There is no climax in the play because the only thing the plot builds to is the coming of Godot. However, after the first act the audience has pretty much decided that Godot will never show up. It is not very long into the second act before one realizes that all they are really doing is wasting time, "Waiting for...waiting." (50) By making the second act another show of the same routine, Beckett instills in us a feeling of our own waiting and daily routines. What is everyday for us but another of the same act. Surely small things will change, but overall we seem to be living out the same day many times over. Another effect of repetition on the structure of Godot is the amount of characters in the play. As mentioned before, the play is set up like a Vaudeville routine. In order to maintain the integrity of the routine, the play must be based around these two characters. This leaves no room for extra characters that will get in the way of the act. To allow for the repetition of the routine to take place the cast must include only those characters who are necessary it. The idea that the two characters are simply passing time is evident in the dialogue. The aforementioned phrase, "Nothing to be done," is one example of repetition in dialogue. In the first half-dozen pages of the play the phrase is repeated about four times. This emphasizes the phrase so that the audience will pick up on it. It allows the audience to realize that all these two characters have is the hope that Godot will show up. Until the time when Godot arrives, all they can do is pass the time and wait. The first information we learn about the characters is how Estragon was beaten and slept in a ditch. We get the sense that this happens all the time. This is nothing new to the characters. They are used to this routine. The flow of the play is based around this feeling

Bond Energy Definition in Chemistry

Bond Energy Definition in Chemistry Bond energy (E)Â  is defined as the amount of energy required to break apart a mole of molecules into its component atoms. It is a measure of the strength of a chemical bond. Bond energy is also known as bond enthalpy (H) or simply as bond strength. Bond Energy Explained Bond energy is based on an average of bond dissociation values for species in the gas phase, typically at a temperature of 298 Kelvin. It may be found by measuring or calculating the enthalpy change of breaking a molecule into its component atoms and ions and dividing the value by the number of chemical bonds. For example, the enthalpy change of breaking methane (CH4) into a carbon atom and four hydrogen ions, divided by four (the number of C-H) bonds, yields the bond energy. Bond energy is not the same thing as bond-dissociation energy. Bond energy values are an average of the bond-dissociation energies within a molecule. Breaking subsequent bonds requires a different amount of energy.

One Percenters Motorcycle Gang

One Percenters Motorcycle Gang The term One-Percenters originated from the July 4, 1947, annual Gypsy Tour race sanctioned by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) which was held in Hollister, California. The  Gypsy Tour race,  which was the  pià ¨ce de rà ©sistance of motorcycle racing events during that time, was held at different locations across America and had been previously held in Hollister in 1936. The Event A location near the town was chosen again in 1947 partly because of  its  long relationship with bikers and various biker-related events that were held throughout the years, and also because of the welcome the   AMA  received by the town merchants who knew the positive impact it would have on the local economy. Approximately 4,000 attended the  Gypsy Tour  race and many of the riders and non-riders ended up celebrating in the town of Hollister. For three days there was a lot of hard-core beer drinking and street racing that went on in the town. By  Sunday,  the California Highway Patrol was called in armed with tear gas to help put an end to the event. The Aftermath After it was over, there was a record of about 55 bikers being arrested on misdemeanor charges. There were no reports of property being destroyed or of looting and not a single report of any local people being harmed in any way. However, the San Francisco Chronicle ran articles that exaggerated and sensationalized the event. Headlines like  Riots... Cyclists Take Over Town and words such as â€Å"terrorism† described the general atmosphere in Hollister over the holiday weekend. To top it off, a  San Francisco Chronicle  photographer by the name of Barney Peterson  staged  a photograph of an intoxicated biker holding a bottle of beer in each hand while leaning against a  Harley-Davidson motorcycle,  with broken beer bottles scattered on the ground. Life magazine picked up on the story and in the  July 21,  1947,  edition it ran  Petersons staged photograph   on full-page display titled, â€Å"Cyclist’s Holiday: He and Friends Terrorize Town.†Ã‚  Ultimately, to the dismay of the AMA, the image sparked both fascination and concern about the violent, unruly nature of the growing subculture of motorcycle groups. Afterward, films about motorcycle clubs with members depicting bad behavior began hitting the movie theaters.  The Wild One, starring  Marlon Brando, brought particular attention to gang-type behavior displayed by members of motorcycle clubs. The event became known as the Hollister Riot although there is no documentation that an actual riot occurred and the town of Hollister invited the race back, other cities across the country believed what the press reported and it resulted in numerous cancelations of the  Gypsy Tour races. AMA Responds It was rumored that the AMA defended the reputation of its association and member, with an alleged press release stating that, The trouble was caused by the one percent deviant that tarnishes the public image of both motorcycles and motorcyclists and going on to say  that 99 percent of bikers are law-abiding citizens, and the one percent are nothing more than outlaws.   However,  in 2005 the AMA denied credit for the term, saying that there was no record of any AMA official or published statement that originally used the one percent reference. No matter where it actually originated from, the  term caught on  and  new outlaw motorcycle gangs   (OMGs) emerged and embraced the concept of being referred to as  one-percenters. The Impact of War A number of veterans returning from the Vietnam War joined motorcycle clubs after being ostracized by many Americans, especially within their same age group. They were discriminated against by colleges, employers, often spat upon when in uniform and some considered them nothing but government-grown killing machines. The fact that 25 percent were drafted into the war and that the rest were trying to survive it did not seem to sway opinions. As a result, in the  mid-1960-70s, a  surge of outlaw motorcycle gangs emerged across the country and created their own association which they proudly called, One Percenters.  Within  the association, each club could have its own rules, operate independently and given a designated territory.   The outlaw motorcycle clubs; the  Hells Angels, Pagans, Outlaws, and Bandidos emerged as what authorities  refer to the Big Four with hundreds of other one-percenters clubs existing within the subculture. Differences Between Outlaws and One Percenters Defining the differences (and if any exists) between outlaw motorcycle groups and one-percenters depends on where you go for the answer. According to the AMA,  any motorcycle club that does not adhere to AMA rules is considered an outlaw motorcycle club. The term outlaw, in this case, is not  synonymous with criminal or illegal activity. Others, including some outlaw motorcycle clubs, believe that while all one-percent motorcycle clubs are  outlaw  clubs, meaning that they do not follow AMA rules, not all outlaw motorcycle clubs are one-percenters, (meaning that they do not participate in illegal activity. The Department of Justice does not differentiate between outlaw motorcycle gangs (or clubs) and one-percenters. It defines one-percenter  outlaw motorcycle gangs as being highly structured criminal organizations, whose members use their  motorcycle clubs as conduits for criminal enterprises.

Organization and Organizational Change Assignment - 1

Organization and Organizational Change - Assignment Example The solution might require instituting drastic changes in policies or purchase of new machinery to facilitate the work process. However, as common in contemporary organizations, difficulties in the economic condition make financial resources scarce. As such, organizations usually resort to proposed changes which could be unconventional but feasible – if only in the short run. The article discussed the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Presbyterian Hospital’s strategies for implementing change with regards to the implementation of the Electronic Health Records (EHR) project; especially ways to address resistance to change (Sesack). One is convinced that overcoming resistance to change requires understanding of the need for the change that is to be instituted and communicating the relevance of implementing that change in the work setting. If the need for the change is justified to benefit various stakeholders in the work setting, over and above the current system, inevitably, implementation for change would ensue in a smooth and conflict free manner. It was therefore commendable that the key to overcoming resistance is the ability of leaders to communicate the need for change and allow the personnel to be affected by the change process to see the benefits of the change that would be implemented. The article therefore asserts that there really is nothing to fear with proposed changes. Managers should be able to motivate workers to see that changes would ultimately benefit all concerned in the long run. The article focuses on reasons why implementing change in the work setting fails (Ashkenas). The author evaluated the change theories and ways of implementing change to discern if there is a need to change a crucial facet in the process. As asserted, â€Å"the content of change management is reasonably correct, but the managerial capacity to implement it has been woefully

Risk in the business world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Risk in the business world - Essay Example There are four basic ways in which a CFO can handle risk; avoid, reduce, assume, or transfer the risk (Silverman, n.d.). A CFO’s attempts should be directed at managing risk in the very order as mentioned here. Personally, a CFO handles risks by collaborating with and influencing the CEO, and also by maintaining independence (Egon Zehnder International, 2008). The challenge for a CFO is to focus on controls, and at the same time, on business partnering. Being able to balance the two conflicting claims enables a CFO to deliver business results. Professionally, a CFO handles risk by trying to assess it in advance and informing the concerned authorities so that it can be managed in time and effectively, if encountered. The best source of risk assessment is historical records and past experiences coupled with expert opinion. In addition, various software like Primavera Risk Analysis can be used to assess and manage risks involved in a

Commentary on Testing the Reality Essay Example for Free

Commentary on Testing the Reality Essay This short but powerfully descriptive poem tells the story of a young man who comes to discover just how fragile the boundary between life and death really is. Written in the form of a dramatic lyric, the poem highlights the moment of revelation and reflection as the man realizes his mother hadnt died; instead she had moved on to another place. The themes of death and abandonment are clearly depicted by the poet through the use of tone, setting, rhythm, symbolism, hyperbole, alliteration and time. Through all these methods, the poet builds a sense of sorrow and feeling of utter reliance the narrator has upon his mother. It emphasizes the mans lifelong journey, from a young child learning to count to a fully grown man mourning the death of his 70-year-old mother. As he grows in body and matures in mind, he fills his head with knowledge and pushes at the boundaries of his world, testing it. The name Testing the Reality arises because the son has to face the reality of life, and the deaths that occur in life. The poem takes place in a church, in a funeral set-up, with flocking birds in the sky. We understand this because of the phrase so crammed church roof and belfry. I can comprehend that it is a funeral because the poet relates the hibernation of the birds to a 70 year old woman. The writer also illustrates a picture of a myriad of birds as he writes There must have been 10,000 there or more. Even though he feels immense loneliness and sadness after the passing on of his mother, he is not yet ready to follow her, and must remain in reality, hence he is the last soul still unhatched. The poem begins in the first person as the poet describes his experiences as a boy. We learn that his mother taught him to count to a ragged 20 but no higher. When he was still a boy, the sheer number of birds perching on the belfry exceeded his counting abilities, cramming church roof and belfry, cross and spire. At this later stage in his life, however, it is not due to his counting skills that he cannot count but due to the sheer immeasurable quantity and their uncontrollable, free nature, unable to be caged or catalogued. Their numbers were so great that their final taking off blacked Beestons sky. These birds feature throughout the poem, creating a sense of activity and movement and dramatic symbolism. Here, the black sky symbolises the unfortunate and sad mood. While the flocking birds represent what the man is looking at and his memories of them as a boy, they also have a metaphorical meaning, symbolizing the life and death of his mother. The crossroad of reality and imagery appears in line six with the following alliteration: picketed piercingly the passing of each day. The power of the repeated P sound reflects the sound of the birds cries. In the poets mind, each bird also represents a single day in the life of his mother. In fact, as the second stanza progresses, the birds only exist to measure the accumulated days in the life of the mans mother. Her attraction towards the birds is completed when they suddenly depart, taking her life with them. The shock of the mothers death is so deep that the first person used throughout the first two stanzas is obliterated and transformed into the third person in the last stanza, the man suddenly being referred to as her son. The third stanza also dramatizes the metaphorical blend of his mother and the birds. Death becomes the wings of night, her life becomes the flocking days. Her departure from the earth is an effusion, a release, of all her physical experiences which are soaring away. So significant was she to her son that her departing life blocked the light. In the final line the son becomes an unhatched egg/soul left behind in the clutch or the nest. Having come to associate the birds with his mother, his memories of her are immediately summoned whenever he sees them. She may be dead but she lives on in his memories of the birds. At first they shrilly hailed the first new light they saw, greeting the new day in what initially seems to be an irritating way because they are portrayed as having loud, high-pitched cries that are not particularly pleasant to the ears. However, after his mother dies, and they leave too, he comes to see them in a different light, after they soared away. His opinion of them has now changed and he sees them as graceful and elegant creatures. This imagery also successfully implies life after death, and the setting of the poem becomes important when looked at in this light. A church is a place of peaceful meditation, praying and holiness, a place where the boundaries between the physical and the spiritual, the barriers between life and death, merge. For these reasons it becomes the nest that hatches souls into the heavens. Even though the birds, and the mans mother with them, fly beyond all sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch they do not fly beyond love or memories, instead leaving a path for the man to follow when it is his turn to be hatched. The lesson the mother taught her son began with counting, but ended with a realization of life after death and the possibility of living, in spirit, for infinity.

Braham Stokers Dracula :: Dracula Essays

Free Essay on Dracula In the novel Dracula there are many qualities that are necessary for success. Firstly determination is a key factor to succeeding; secondly revenge is a factor in succeeding; furthermore fearlessness plays a big role when they go to kill Lucy; lastly intelligence is needed to make all the plans. When Jonathan Harker get captured by Dracula he is afraid, but he is also determined to get free. "I can not say in this room much longer for I shall die," he said. A small crack of light appeared through the stones. "I pushed the stone with all my might but it only move, I found a carving utensil which I used to make the hole bigger" said Jonathon. "The hole got bigger and bigger then the stone just fell out." When Jonathan Harker and the rest of the people go to hunt Dracula they are determined to kill him because they do not want Dracula to kill anyone else. In order to kill Dracula they must plunge a stake through it's heart, cut off it's head, and stuff it's mouth with garlic. They use silver knives to kill him just as the sun sets. "Get him before he flees" said Jonathan, "he must not get away." Arthur proceeds with the stake cautiously. "I got him" yelled Arthur. Abraham shoves a clove of garlic in the Count's mouth. "get him before he tries to get away." Jonathan and Quincey, use silver knives to cut off his head. "We have finally done it we killed Dracula" said Quincey. Jonathon was determined to escape. Arthur, Abraham, Jonathan, and Quincey are determined to kill Dracula. In order to get out of the Count's castle Jonathan thinks of three things survival, escaping and kill the Count for trapping him in the castle. "I can't die I have to get out, I have to end his rain of terror, he can`t get away with what he did to me" said Jonathan. This shows that Jonathan Harker wanted to kill Dracula through revenge, but he also killed him so Dracula would not kill anyone else. When Van Helsing, Holmwood, Seward, and Quincey Morris go to kill Lucy they must be fearless of the un-dead.

Organizational Behavior Synthesis paper Essay

The study of people at work is generally referred to as the study of organizational behavior. This chapter will start by defining the term organizational behavior and briefly reviewing its origins. Organizational behavior is the systematic study of the actions and attitudes that people exhibit within organizations. Each person regularly uses intuition or our â€Å"gut feelings† in trying to explain phenomena. For example, a friend catches a cold and we’re quick to remind him that he â€Å"didn’t take his vitamins†. The field of organizational behavior seeks to replace intuitive explanations such as this example with systematic study. The objective, of course, is to draw more accurate conclusions (Wilson 1994). What does organizational behavior study? Actions (or behaviors) and attitudes. The behaviors that get the bulk of attention in organizational behavior are three, which have proven to be very important determinants of employee performance. They are productivity, absenteeism, and turnover (Wilson 1994). The importance of productivity is obvious. Managers are clearly concerned with the quantity and quality of the work their employees are performing. But absence and turnover are particularly cause for concern because of the adverse affect it may have on an employee ’s productivity. In terms of absence, it’s hard for an employee to be productive if he or she isn’t at work. High rates of employee turnover increase costs and tend to place less experienced people into jobs (Daniels 1994). Organizational behavior is also concerned with employee job satisfaction, which is an attitude. There are three reasons why managers should be concerned with their employees’ job satisfaction. First, there is a link between satisfaction and productivity. Second, satisfaction appears to be negatively related to absenteeism and turnover. Third managers have a humanistic responsibility to provide their employees with jobs that are challenging and rewarding (Daniels 1994). The second part of organizational behavior’s definition that needs to be explained is â€Å"organization†. For our purposes organizational behavior is specifically concerned with work-related  behavior-and that takes place in organizations. An organization is a formal structure o f planned coordination, involving two or more people, in order to  achieve a common goal (Daniels 1994). Organizational behavior is about studying and understanding people and human nature. Do employee ever make efforts on behalf of their employing organization’s interests or fellow employees’ interest when it is not in their direct self-interest to do so? This question exists in any organization must be address. The problem addressed here is a conflict of self-interest. The question here should be very interesting to people in organization. People should try to understand and address counterintuitive behavior in certain situation (Young 1998). For instance, why does moral hazard exists in organization? Organizational behavior success or failure depends on its goal setting, such as group cohesiveness and productivity. In a case study of 2 groups several researchers have suggested that goal acceptance moderates the relationship between group cohesiveness and group productivity. In Study 1, goal acceptance was found to moderate the relationship between group cohesiveness and the quantity of performance of 40 machine crews in a paper mill located in the north eastern United States. In Study 2, the extent to which leaders fostered the acceptance of group goals was found to moderate the relationships between group cohesiveness and quantitative measures of group productivity in 71 insurance agency units located throughout the United States. The companies’ success or failure in this study will be explained in organizational behavior (Jacob 1985) Goals of Organizational Behavior The field of most organizational behavior has an amount of common goals. In order to reach these goals, people need to effectively predict, explain, and manage the behavior that occurs in our organizations. In order to change behavior, one needs to accept that any behavior is rational and logical to the person exhibiting it because his or her goals may differ from others. If an organization is able to predict which reward systems is most effective in motivating the employees, then one can explain the reasons for this effectiveness and describe how managers can enforce effective reward systems. Our everyday lives are about predictions. Predicting the behavior in an organization is usually wondering â€Å"when people will make ethical decisions, create innovative products, or engage in sexual harassment† (Johns 1996).  The behavior in our organizations licenses us the prediction of its future circumstance. Predictions are not always accurate, however. The field of organizational behavior offers a â€Å"Scientific foundation† (Johns 1996). That helps upgrade predictions of these events. But, being able to predict these organization behaviors do not guarantee a hundred percent that he can explain the reason why this particular behavior had developed. A manger needs to be able to get things accomplished, reach all goals, take control, and knows everything that is going on in their company I know that there varieties of management styles to be effective, depending on the situation. There are some cases when a manager acts without investigation, just looking for that quick solution to solve a problem usually results in an unhappy ending. If an organizational behavior â€Å"Can be predicted and explained, it can often be controlled or managed† (Johns 1996). A great manager would be able to predict a certain behavior and have an act on it before it’s too late. Remember, our lives would be more easier if we anticipate when our friends are anger, what our professors expect out of us, and whose lying and telling the truth, â€Å"Regardless of who we are our actions are in response to a variety of motivations† (Wilson 1994). When one understands, one will understand human behavior. Use the predicting. Explaining, and managing principles, and any manger will have the ability to reach your goals through the efforts of others. The four goals of organizational behavior are: 1. To describe systematically how people behave under variety of conditions 2. To understand why people behave as they do 3. To predict future employee behavior 4. to control & develop human activity at work Theory X and Theory Y Theory X and Theory Y are theories of human motivation created and developed by Douglas McGregor at the MIT Sloan School of Management in the 1960s that have been used in human resource management, organizational behavior,organizational communication and organizational development. They describe two contrasting models of workforce motivation. Theory X and Theory Y have to do with the perceptions managers hold on their employees, not the way they generally behave. It is attitude not attributes. There are two kinds of reinforcement, positive and negative. â€Å"Positive reinforcement causes a behavior to increase because a desired, meaningful consequences follows the behavior. Negative reinforcement causes a behavior to increase in order to escape or avoid some unpleasant consequence† (Daniels 1994). Models of Organizational Behavior There are four major models or frameworks that organizations operate out of, Autocratic, Custodial, Supportive, and Collegial (Cunningham, Eberle, 1990; Davis ,1967): o Autocratic — The basis of this model is power with a managerial orientation of authority. The employees in turn are oriented towards obedience and dependence on the boss. The employee need that is met is subsistence. The performance result is minimal. Custodial — The basis of this model is economic resources with a managerial orientation of money. The employees in turn are oriented towards security and benefits and dependence on the organization. The employee need that is met is security. The performance result is passive cooperation. Supportive — The basis of this model is leadership with a managerial orientation of support. The employees in turn are oriented towards job performance and participation. The employee need that is met is status and recognition. The performance result is awakened drives. Collegial — The basis of this model is partnership with a managerial orientation of teamwork. The employees in turn are oriented towards responsible behavior and self-discipline. The employee need that is met is self-actualization. The performance result is moderate enthusiasm. Although there are four separate models, almost no organization operates exclusively in one. There will usually be a predominate one, with one or more areas over-lapping in the other models. The first model, autocratic, has its roots in the industrial revolution. The managers of this type of organization operate mostly out of McGregor’s Theory X. The next three models begin to build on McGregor’s Theory Y. They have each evolved over a period of time and there is no one best model. In addition, the collegial model should not be thought as the last or best model, but the beginning of a new model or paradigm. References http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_X_and_Theory_Y http://www.csupomona.edu/~msharifzadeh/chapter1.html http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/leadob.html http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/encyclopedia/Oli-Per/Organizational-Behavior.html

Marvel Holdings

To determine Whether or not it will be difficult for Marvel or other companies in the MacAndrews and Forbes holding company to issued debt in the future, we should analyze two perspectives, one is historical and the other one is the future perspective. Historically, Marvel Holdings issued zero-coupon senior secured notes which were all secured by Marvel’s equity rather than its assets or operating cash flows. However, this was a very attractive offer since the stock price was trading above $25 per share which had a value of $1.9 billion, well above the face value of the bonds issued. The interest payments on these bonds would be made from revenues received through tax sharing agreements between Marvel and Marcel III Holdings; moreover, all issues were scheduled to mature in April 1998, which in other words, the company would have a huge cash outflow when the bonds came to maturity. After the issurance of debt, company’s revenue decrease due to the comic book and trading card business failure, which caused share price to fall significantly. Despite the problems of revenue fallen, Marvel acquired SkyBx and financed the acquisition with $190 million of additional debt in early 1995. S&P then downgraded the holding companies debts from B to B-. The fianancing structure and the revenue fallen problems lead to Marvel announced that it would violate specific bank loan covenants due to decreasing revenue and profits. Moody downgraded Marvel’s public debt after the announcement and caused the price of the zero-coupon bonds to fall drastically by more than 41%. Moreover, their two largest institutional holders desided to sell the bonds even at a price of $0.37 per dollar of face value. When the resturcture plan was announced, the stock price fell by more than 41% and the zero-coupon bonds fell by addition 50%, to $0.18. As shown on the Balance Sheet, there was a $625.8 millions of current portion of long-term debt in 1996 which was increased significantly compare to previous years. Moreover, the short-term borrowing has also appeared on liability in the year of 1996. Total long-term debt and total liabilities also increased drastically in 1995 and more significantly in 1996. From the Consolidated statement of operations, the cost of sales increased since 1995. Moreover, the amortization of goodwill increased which is due to the decrease in revenue of trading cards and comic books. Interest expense also increased due to significant increase in debt. All these caused a loss in income and earning per share becomes negative at the end of 1995. Based on all the above historical evidences, it will be really difficult due to the fact that the company has a debt-to-total capital ratio of 88% which is $805.4 million in total debt and $107.4 million in equity. With the downgrade of the public debts, it will make the financing situation even worse since the issueing notes or bonds will not raise as much financing as when the rating is good and will be more costly since the interest rate has to increase due to the increase in risk. In the future perspective, a restructure plan was mentioned by Perelman. However, Marvel was facing three options: 1. if marvel was going under chapter 7 liquidation, the debtholders would get around 70% of the original value and the holding company debtholders and equityholders would get nothing. 2. If Marvel did not aquire Toy Biz, the total enterprise value would between be no more than $660 which was not enough to settle the debt, and the equity would again be worthless. 3. If Marvel acquired Toy Biz, the company could transform into an integrated entertainment company which would operate theme restaurants, movie studio, entertainment software, and etc. Marvel believed with the growth of new media exposure, they would be able to have modest growth and pay secured and unsecured creditors in full. This plan had passed the feasibility test, which in other words, the company was not likely to be liquidized or reorganized. let’s assume Marvel implement the restrurture plan and make modest growth of profit. As they slowly payoff the debts, start earning profit and rebuild their reputation, It will become easier to raise debt. Moreover, if their performance is good, it might be even possible to increase their rating which will lower the cost due to the decrease in default risk.

The Events of Septrmber 11, 2001

The Events of Septrmber 11, 2001 On the morning of September 11, 2001, Islamic extremists organized and trained by the Saudi-based jihadist group al-Qaeda hijacked four American commercial jet airliners and used them as flying bombs to carry out suicide terrorist attacks against the United States. American Airlines Flight 11 crashed into Tower One of the World Trade Center at 8:50 AM. United Airlines Flight 175 crashed into Tower Two of the World Trade Center at 9:04 AM. As the world watched, Tower Two collapsed to the ground at about 10:00 AM. This unimaginable scene was duplicated at 10:30 AM when Tower One fell.   At 9:37 AM, a third plane, American Airlines Flight 77, was flown into the west side of the Pentagon in Arlington County, Virginia. The fourth plane, United Airlines Flight 93, initially being flown toward an unknown target in Washington, D.C., crashed into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania at 10:03 AM, as passengers fought with the hijackers. Later confirmed as acting under the leadership of Saudi fugitive Osama bin Laden, the terrorists were believed to be attempting to retaliate for America’s defense of Israel and continued military operations in the Middle East since the 1990 Persian Gulf War.   The 9/11 terrorist attacks resulted in the deaths of nearly 3,000 men, women, and children and the injuries of more than 6,000 others. The attacks triggered major ongoing U.S. combat initiatives against terrorist groups in Iraq and Afghanistan and largely defined the presidency of George W. Bush. America’s Military Response to the 9/11 Terror Attacks No event since the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor propelled the nation into World War II had the American people been brought together by a shared resolved to defeat a common enemy. At 9 PM on the evening of the attacks, President George W. Bush spoke to the American people from the Oval Office of the White House, declaring, â€Å"Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve.† Foreshadowing America’s impending military response, he declared, â€Å"We will make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them.† On October 7, 2001, less than a month after the 9/11 attacks, the United States, supported by a multinational coalition, launched Operation Enduring Freedom in an effort to overthrow the oppressive Taliban regime in Afghanistan and destroy Osama bin Laden and his al-Qaeda terrorist network. By the end of December 2001, U.S and coalition forces had virtually eradicated the Taliban in Afghanistan. However, a new Taliban insurgency in neighboring Pakistan resulted in the continuation of the war. On March 19, 2003, President Bush ordered U.S. troops into Iraq on a mission to overthrow Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein, believed by the White House to be developing and stockpiling weapons of mass destruction while harboring Al Qaeda terrorists in his county. Following the overthrow and imprisonment of Hussein, President Bush would face criticism after a search by United Nations inspectors found no evidence of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. Some argued that the Iraq War had unnecessarily diverted resources from the war in Afghanistan. Though Osama bin Laden remained at large for over a decade, the mastermind of the 9/11 terror attack was finally killed while hiding out in an Abbottabad, Pakistan building by an elite team of U.S. Navy Seals on May 2, 2011. With the demise of bin Laden, President Barack Obama announced the beginning of large-scale troop withdrawals from Afghanistan in June 2011. As Trump Takes Over, War Goes On Today, 16 years and three presidential administrations after the 9/11 terror attacks, the war continues. While its official combat role in Afghanistan ended in December 2014, the United States still had nearly 8,500 troops stationed there when President Donald Trump took over as Commander in Chief in January 2017. In August 2017, President Trump authorized the Pentagon to increase the troop levels in Afghanistan by several thousand and announced a change in policy regarding the release of future troop level numbers in the region. â€Å"We will not talk about numbers of troops or our plans for further military activities, Trump said. Conditions on the ground, not arbitrary timetables, will guide our strategy from now on,† he said. â€Å"Americas enemies must never know our plans or believe they can wait us out.† Reports at the time indicated that top US military generals had advised Trump that a â€Å"few thousand† additional troops would help the U.S. make progress in eliminating the insurgent Taliban and other ISIS fighters in Afghanistan. The Pentagon stated at the time that the additional troops would be conducting counterterrorism missions and training Afghanistan’s own military forces.   Updated by Robert Longley

What Does Your Name Mean - Genealogy

What Does Your Name Mean - Genealogy Could someone named Biff ever be president? Could a Gertrude ever become a prima ballerina? Does your name really play an integral part in who you are and what you will become? Can changing ones name common practice with many immigrant families actually change ones destiny? The hidden meaning of names is a popular query on Internet search engines as people hope to learn what their name says about them and who they will become. Different than traditional name meanings found in baby name lists and last name meaning dictionaries, the hidden meaning of a name is more akin to astrology or fortune telling than true etymological science. With some exceptions, most sources which reference the hidden meanings of names appear to use a variation on research known as sound symbolism, which attributes meanings to individual sounds based on their emotional response. So what exactly is sound symbolism? The traditional view of most linguists is that word meanings are related to morphemes (roots, suffixes, prefixes, etc.). There are a few, however, who place great faith in the theory of sound symbolism, suggesting that the letters of the alphabet individual sounds such as p or st actually mean something based on how they are pronounced. Sound symbolism, in its basic form, suggests that letter meanings influence how we feel about words and how we react to names, whether personal names or brand names. As one such individual, Joseph Gilbert, explains it, look at the words that start with st. Whether steadfast or just plain stubborn, theyre almost all really stuck in one place (stop, stick, stand, stall, stoic, store, stack, still...), unless of course theres a raring, rearing, roaring r in there who can get your st started. Curious, of course, I checked out the hidden meaning in my name. Entering my first name, I was told Your name says that you are curious. People with your name are naturally curious and inquisitive. You are a true researcher and investigator who likes to get to the bottom of complicated things, and find solutions to yet unsolved problems. Of course, trying many possible combinations, I also was unable to find a meaning that was not positive and also was given meanings for names which are, essentially, concocted gibberish. Either way, it was a fun exercise in linguistics. If youre curious about the meanings behind the individual letter sounds, check out the hidden meaning in your name. Numerologist Joy Light also claims to be able to find the hidden meaning in your name by using the numbers which correspond with the letters in your name. By adding all of the numbers in your name together, you arrive at a number that represents your destiny, or what it is in this lifetime you want to accomplish. A hidden meaning behind your name. Hmm..... I wonder how much I have in common with the other Kimberly Powells of the world?

Construction Industry Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Construction Industry - Research Paper Example It provides employment to most of the people as its growth is often projected to increase by more than a million between the year 2002 and 2012 (Fenn 22). This improves the economy of the country as most of the people are trained in the construction industry reducing the unemployment rate in the economy of the United States. The Construction Industry is the core of all the construction locally and also internationally. Most of the structures being designed are always done by the construction company. Its effect is felt as most of the facilities are able to be constructed leading to an economy grow. An economy of a country is determined by the standing Infrastructure which is modernized. It also shows the people’s creativity and intellectual ability as it requires not the only the mind but also the skills in making it work.It is used as a tool by the government in managing the level of the economy. When there is a recession and the rate of unemployment is seen to be high the go vernment increases the public expenditure by the use of the construction industry (Fenn 29). This completely shows its contribution to the American economy as most of the people are believed to be in this sector. The construction industry related with other economic sectors using the backward-forward linkage the forward showing its relationship of total output to inter-industry sales while the backward linkages. This is used in showing the relationship between total output and the industry purchase.... It is used as a tool by the government in managing the level of the economy. When there is recession and the rate of unemployment is seen to be high the government increases the public expenditure by the use of the construction industry (Fenn 29). This completely shows its contribution in the American economy as most of the people are believed to be in this sector. The construction industry related with other economic sectors using the backward forward linkage the forward showing its relationship of total output to inter-industry sales while the backward linkages. This is used in showing the relationship between total output and the industry purchase. Gross fixed capital is the expenditure on fixed assets including buildings and machinery among others in either replacing or adding stock of the fixed assets. This is related to investment as fixed assets are used in the production process. It is important public policy tool as it is used in creating employment and also increases the de velopment in the U.S. This is through the central bank through which people invest in infrastructure leading to money injection in the economy. This industry contributes to a third of total investment in fixed assets in the economy. It has also led to the construction of new and better buildings like the hospital facilities, educational centre like schools. There has also been the construction of better recreational centers which are able to increase the number of people that can be accommodated in the building and also a concrete structure which can last for a longer period of time. Domestic Data in the Construction Industry Number Employed The number of personnel employed in this industry is rapid as it has a high employment

The influence of technology or media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The influence of technology or media - Essay Example I have seen people doing their best to make sure that they have remained one step ahead of the technological advancements and adopted them so that they can be deemed as socially acceptable. This is the basis of my understanding as far as technology and its different tools are concerned in this day and age. This paper takes a keen look at some of the similar subjects and aspects related with technology, and highlighted where my domains have been strengthened over the years. I have seen technology to have grown by leaps and bounds in the recent past since it has touched chords with how people have incorporated it within their lives. I have seen technology to have made its mark even within the most conventional of systems. It has made me feel at ease with how revolution has come in and allowed me to comprehend the nuances of life and science in particular. I have seen my family members and friends learning quite a few new aspects related with technology. I have witnessed them being interested in the technological advancements and taking keen enthusiasm under the aegis of new gadgets, features and tools. I opine that this is an advancement of sorts which has come out as a progression in these times. I have noticed that people feel strongly about technology and are generally unhappy if they miss out on any new technological innovation that comes to the fore. Similarly, the teenagers have the most pivotal connection with technology because they are always r elated with new gadgets and tools, and are on the lookout for changes, advancements and updates as and when these arrive. This is the reason why success has been related with technology for just about everyone. Some of the stories that I can tell regarding the usage of technology have basically been limited to my exposures. The role of technology has also been apparent within the social networks like Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, different

Unfair democracy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Unfair democracy - Essay Example The US stands out, as one of the most democratic nations in the universe, which encompasses human rights, diversity, equality, and good governance. The world commonly refers to the United States as the land of the free. This is subject to its democratic practices, respect for human rights, and equality. However, there have been many recorded and unrecorded controversies relating to US racial inequality and unfairness in many aspects. Disappointedly, stereotypes, religious restrictions or teachings and other things, men and women, no matter if they are the same race, will always find problems when it comes to equality.Actually, there has been trusted statistics that detail aspects of discrimination, unfairness, and inequality on basis of race, ethnic group, and gender. The term race or racial group refers to the categorization of humans into populations, perhaps, ancestral groups because of various sets of heritable characteristics. Racial and ethnic identities are socially controvers ial and manifest in very conscious ways. Two conflicting social and cultural influences link this manifestation. On the other hand, an ethnic identification is a group whose members identify with each other, through a common cultural characteristic involving religion and language. This shared heritage base on ancestry, history, nationality, physical appearance, and even shared territory. The discrimination mostly happens on the less privilege and minorities. Minority often means less than half of the population though it does not necessary associate to numerical strength. Indeed, some minority groups in the US have a large population than the dominant group. For example, the black Americans refer to the majority in America, though they are economically, and politically inferior to the whites. Some of the minority groups in the US include the Hispanic Americans and Latinos. Against the common, believe that there is absolute fairness in America, there is unfairness including in the ed ucation system and in the run for political leadership. In addition, despite the common knowledge that discrimination manifests in many organizations in the US nobody qualifies its existence in the US education system. Indeed, it is arguably true that there is rampant discrimination in the education sector based on race and ethnicity and more specifically to the Hispanic community. In fact, in many cases Hispanic American citizens receive fewer privileges compared to their White counterparts. It is common knowledge that this is the first term in American history that a black president rules America. This is despite the fact that other black presidential aspirants vied and did not succeed in becoming the US president. On the other hand, this does not qualify as discrimination since the Hispanic is fewer in number to gain the majority vote leading to political leadership. Had it been a case of lacking a female president in US, then the argument would do because there are enough women in US to vote in a female despite the common notion that US embraces democracy and equality. On the same breath, with the high esteem that US hold in the word domain, one would always assume that US always conducts the fairest presidential elections in the world. Actually, the US is always an observer in other countries elections. However, this fairness is not present in US elections. Take for example the recent presidential elections where unfairness and cases of fraud dominated the aftermath of the elections. For example, in the case of Al Gore and George W Bush questions of fairness manifest. In the popularity vote, Gore got 50,996,064 votes on November 7 while George W got 50,456,167. Nevertheless, despite Gore having a majority of 539,897 votes Bush won the elections. How fair was it to win the popular vote with a margin exactly the size of Austin, Texas (Kettle Web) and fail to win the presidential elections? Additionally, in 2004, the private companies counting more than 80% of the votes refused to

The Bonesetters Daughter | Character Analysis

The Bonesetters Daughter | Character Analysis LuLing: Ruths mother. She immigrated to United States from China through her sister, Gao Ling. She shows how her life had changed through her writings in part 2. She is very emotional character who loves and acts passionately Ruth: LuLings daughter (of course). As her mother loses memory, she becomes more considerate about LuLing, and searches for her memory instead. This eventually helps Ruth grow mature and find her own identity. Theme Finding Identity Through searching mothers history, Ruth finds out the background of her immigrant mother. This eventually builds up Ruths maturity and her identity as a Chinese Woman. Chapter Notes Part 1 Chapter 1 Ruth Young lost her faith on August 12th for eight years. It happened first at Arts house in San Francisco. August 12th was a day shooting stars fell. Her mother took this as an omen and told Ruth that they were actually melting ghost bodies. Ruth was a book doctor and she had daughters named Dory and Fia. Ruth always looked her day through fingers of her hands, listing from 1 to 10. One day, Ruth couldnt memorize what nine was. Art, who Ruth had met in a yoga class 10 years ago, complained about making things too much complicated. Ruth finally remembered her number 9 was to take her mother to the doctor. Chapter 2 When Ruth was young, she loved spicy turnips instead of junk food. She had imagined through the limited space, which she continued to present. Everyone looked down at her job, for she made it seem easier. She helped to write The Cult of Personal freedom, The Cult of Compassion, The Cult of Envy, The Biology of Sexual Attraction, The Physic of Human Nature, and The Geography of the Soul to make books more interesting. One of the clients had a pseudonym of Agapi Agnos with real name of Doris DeMatteo. Gideon described her so accommodating that would bend backwad. LuLing was very healthy except that she had a type of memory loss that Ruth thought about taking her to the therapist. She always tried to teach Ruth with Chinese. GaoLing and LuLing were two different women who sometimes fought, and sometimes went along. Two sisters had married to brothers named Edmund and Edwin. Edwin died in a car accident. Luling always lamented on her great husbands death. Her mothers health was getting w orse. Chapter 3 Luling asked about Fia starting sixth grade while it was actually Dory. Luling had forgotten that her cat, Fu-fu, died by a dog. Dr. wHuey examined Luling. On documents, Lulings birth year was 1921, but she told him that its 1916. Ruth got frustrated by the complex questions doctor asked the mother. Luling said she had seen O.J. kill his wife in real life. The doctor suggested that Lulings might have Alzheimers. Ruth told Art about this in Chinese, but her children complained about speaking in Chinese. Arts daughter calls Luling Walpo Ruth remembered her past when her mother talked to her in Chinese. Ruth just decided to be silent while her mothers treated. Lulin brought a sand tray and a brush to make Ruth write. Lulings call Precious Auntie as Doggie and asked for forgivenesss. Ruth invited Miriam, Arts divorced wife, to Moon Festival dinner. Chapter 4 On the night of Full Moon Festival, Ruth excitedly picked a place called Fountain Court, which her mother disliked. Dinner went on as the Chinese style of Thanksgiving. There were Billy with his four children, Sally the aeronautical engineer, and George the Violinist of SF Symphony. None of the children liked the dinner for its looks. Gaoling told people about the incident when Luling persisted to say she had paid the bill. Ruth gave out a speech and presents to her family. Ruth was satisfied with dinner. Luling was in confusion and said Precious Auntie was her real mother. Luling gave Ruth the necklace that Ruth had given her for present. Ruth was about her mothers symptoms. Chapter 5 Ruth insured Luling that she was alright, and Luling said she wasnt afraid of death. Luling now visited her for dinner every day. Ruth realized that her mother was mentally ill. Luling became angry when Ruth treated her as a special client. Luling often threatened to kill herself, as if she had no reason to live on. Ruth hired maids and housekeepers, but they all quitted for Lulings violent behaviors. Ruth had a plan to go to Hawaii within few days, but she decided that she would stay with her mother. One of Ruths clients named Ted fired Ruth as a ghost writer. Ruth went to her mothers house, but she was found through calling cops. LuLing was trying to go to grocery store. Ruth finally asked GaoLing to help take care of her mom. Chapter 6 When Ruth was young, she often thought about death. She and her mother used to live at the flatlands of Berkeley. There was a couple named Lance and Dottie. Ruth had a crush on Lance, who was as handsome as a celebrity. Ruth convinced her mother that she got invited to watch the Wizard of Oz together, Ruth put herself right on toilet which had Lances urine and thought she was going to be pregnant. Dottie found out about this, and the couple divorced in confusion. Ruth apologized to Lance, but Lance tried to rape Ruth. Ruth told her mother that Precious Auntie wanted them to move to San Francisco. Chapter 7 Ruth began to clean the house. Ruth threw away everything her mother had been saving. She found a diary on cupboard. She once got into a huge fight with her mother about smoking cigarettes, which had Ruth to write harsh things on the diary. When Ruth arrived home, she found out that her mother fell off out of window and broke her bodies. Ruth regretted what she had written on the diary. Ruth and LuLing frequently got into fight still. Ruth found mothers writings and decided to translate them to learn more about her past. Part 2 Luling was raised by the Liu Clan within the village called Immortal Heart. Precious Auntie called Luling a doggie. After ancient tree died, the fame of the village had declined. The family was working in ink-making, and was successful enough. About thirty people lived together. Precious Aunties father had a ability of bonesetting to heal bones. He was so good that patient came from everywhere. One day, coffin maker and Baby Uncle saw their fortunes. Precious Auntie was a rooster, while Chang was a snake, which was a great match. Precious Auntie however, turned down Chang to marrie Hu Sen. Chang killed her father during the marriage, and Hu Sen died from Horse kicking him. Precious Auntie tried to commit suicide by drinking burning oil, but it only left her scarred. In 1929, scientist went to Dragon Bone Hill. Rumors said that scientists were buying the bones with a good price. Precious Auntie put back the bones to where they were found. Scientists were looking for Peking Man. Precious Auntie, however, didnt say where the bones were, while everyone was so eager to sell bones. One day, Chang came and LuLing accidently told she knew where the bones were. Few days later, Peking asked LuLing to come over for marriage arrangement. LuLing ignored Precious Aunt and went to Old Widow Laus house for preparation. Even though LuLing felt uncomfortable, she could make everyone happy with the meeting, except for Precious Auntie. Since Changs asked LuLing to be their family, Precious Auntie stopped to help LuLing. Precious Auntie gave LuLing a writing that said how she was LuLings real mother. LuLing, however, couldnt finish it, and never got to discover the truth. Precious Auntie was found dead after LuLing announced her future marriage with the Changs. LuLing, in sadness, cancelled the marriage and left for the End of the World to search for corpse of Precious Auntie. The familys ink shop burnt down by the ghost of Precious Auntie. The officials came to inform father about the damages he had done to the neighbors and asked for payment. Father called for a priest to capture the ghost, and sent LuLing to orphanage to stop ghost from returning. LuLing was influenced by some foreigners in the orphanage that she changed her religion to Christianity. LuLing was one of the few who could read and write, among seventy children. When there was a good weather, Teacher Pan took the girls to Dragon Bone Hill. The girls helped scientists when they were asked to. Precious Auntie had left oracle bone and small photograph of her for LuLing. One day, LuLing found a letter from Gao Ling that she wasnt satisfied with her marriage to Chang. Kai Jing, Teacher Pan, and LuLing made a banner for New Year, and took it to the fair. Kai Jing explained how magnificent the banner was. LuLing fell in love with Kai Jing. LuLing and Kai Jing tried to make love, but the storage room was so filthy. The news that there will soon be a war against Japanese reaches the orphanage. GaoLing came over and talked how the priest was actually a fraud. She stayed at the orphanage, and built a friendship with Sister Yu. LuLing and Kai Jing married. Even though the war was still held, Kai Jing went to dig for dragon bones. He and other men got caught by soldiers to join army against Japanese. They soon found out that Chinese were captured, and soldiers were shot one by one. Japanese soldiers occupied the orphanage and forced men to speak where the communists were. Japanese people kill every single man except for Teacher Pan. LuLing and other girls faked to have diseases with chicken bloods to go to Peking. Teacher Pan and girls continued on with the ink shop to live on. War finally ended in 1945. Miss Grutoff was sick and she needed to go to America for treatment. Gao Ling promised to invite LuLing and followed Miss Grutoff as an assistant. Teacher Pan also planned to marry. LuLing received a letter that Miss Grutoff had died and that LuLing had to wait until Gao Ling became a citizen. LuLing decided to move to cheaper house to support herself until Gao Ling invited her. LuLing had internal conflict of selling oracle bone, but she decided to just keep it. She became a made Miss Patsy and Lady Ina. This improved LuLings English skills. Gao Ling sent a letter indicating their future husbands. Fu Nan came in to ask for money, threatening their situations. With the money LuLing had been earning and by selling the bone, she could buy the ticket and flew to United States. Part 3 Chapter 1 Ruth asked Mr. Tang to translate her mothers paper. She discussed about staying with her mother with Art, who disapproved the plan. Ruth tried to make her mother to draw things that could bring her memory back. Twice a week, Ruth went to Vallejo Street for dinner. Art wanted Ruth back, but Ruth was trying to take care of her mother. Mr. Tang finished his work and gave the paper to Ruth. LuLing actually enjoyed a talk with Mr. Tang. Ruth was surprised by the paper that had been translated. Art suggested moving LuLing to assisted-living residence, but LuLing refused. So they brought up a plan of radon leak to deceive LuLing to move to Mira Mar Manor. Chapter 2 The Young Family gathered to celebrate Gao Lings 77th (or 82nd) birthday. Ruth and Gao Ling talked about LuLings writings. Ruth said LuLing was moving into safer home. Gao Ling explains some stories like how Chang was executed for cheating on people and the origin of name Ruth, which came from Miss Grutoff and Sister Yu. There was also stock market money LuLing had saved for Ruth. LuLing had fallen into the pool and almost drowned herself, which drove Ruth to sadness. Ruth and Art had their anniversary dinner at Brunos supper club. Chapter 3 Ruth visited Asian Art Museum with her mother, Art, and Mr. Tang. Mr. Tang showed the Oracle Bone. LuLings family name was Gu, which meant bone. Ruth finally found that Precious Aunties real name was Gu Lix Xin.

Tone and Imagery in The School Children Essay -- School Children Essay

Tone and Imagery in The School Children    Louise Gluck's   The School Children   may provide some shock for readers as it twists and turns through a school day marked by eerie abnormalities.   Gluck successfully uses visual imagery to convey a deeper meaning to a fourteen-line poem about children, teachers and parents.   These three groups come to life through the descriptive poem that allows readers to form their own conclusions.   Though Gluck’s meaning is never clearly stated, her use of tone and imagery create an extremely visual work with three dynamic sets of characters.    Gluck continuously presents the schoolchildren as simple, orderly creatures. She portrays them as heading to school with their book bags and later in the poem points out the orderly arrangement of their coats inside their classroom.   This orderliness helps readers perceive the children as wooden dolls or mindless beings that follow instruction.   Gluck writes,   How orderly they are- the nails on which the children hang their overcoats of blue or yellow woods (8-10).  Ã‚   These lines are divided in a manner that present an image of children hanging orderly on nails before the reader reaches the final line describing their clothing and show the powerful imagery created by Gluck.   It is important to note that the children are described as only having two different styles of coats- a yellow wool coat, perhaps for girls, and a blue wool coat, most likely for boys.   Gluck leaves readers imagining a flock of orderly children wearing similar clothing while sitting in their c lassroom.      Ã‚  Ã‚   Joining the schoolchildren inside the classroom are teachers, whom Gluck describes... ...f a June Cleaver figure who is sending a token of appreciation to her child s teacher.   Instead they are interpreted to be desperate creatures seeking for any sign of hope in an environment filled with gloom.      Ã‚  Ã‚   The descriptions of these three sets of characters through visual imagery provided an important element in Gluck s creation of   The School Children   which is part of her larger work, The House on Marshland that was drafted in 1971.   Throughvisual imagery she creates a combination of characters that help readers interpret the possible underlying meanings of the work.   Gluck successfully uses the schoolchildren, teachers and mothers as vehicles for the various interpretations of her work.   In the process, she creates dynamic characters that we are able to understand through symbolism and imagery.